Governor.



T. DOUGLAS.

GOVERNOR.

APPLICATION FILED APR. I2, I9I6.

Patented Jan. 30, 1917.

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GOVERNOR.

APPLICATION FILED APR. I2. I9I6.

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THEODORE DOUGLS, 0F SCARBORO, NEW YORK.

GOVERNOR.

Application filed April 12, 1916.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, THEoDoRE DOUGLAS, a citizen of the United States,and residing at Scarboro, in the county of Westchester and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Governors, ofwhich the following is a specification.

The invention particularly described hereinafter involves a governoradapted to be utilized for the mostv part upon internal combustionengines, in conjunction with a valve which is operated by the governorSo as to diminish or cut off the combustible mixture for the engine whena certain maximum speed thereof is reached.

In my prior Patent No. 1128115, granted February 9, 1915, forimprovements in engine speed governors for vehicles, I describe agovernor construction of duplex design to be mounted on motor vehiclesand conveyances driven by gas engines in general, and

arranged to respond to the speed of two distinct elements; one of which1s actuated by the vehicle carrying the governor, and the other directlyby 'the engine which propels the vehicle. This application discloses andseeks to protect a governor operated by a single member and controlledby the speed of the crank shaft, or some part actuated thereby. Theinvention described herein is therefore similar to the device set forthin in v aforesaid patent, eXcept for the differences above referred to;and it further embodies certain characteristics by which the valve andthe governor can be rendered independent of outside influences, andcaused to coperate in their action upon the engine to produce a mode ofoperation by which the most advantageous results are obtained in boththe joint effect of the governor and the valve upon the engine, andtheir effects upon each other.

On the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of agovernor made aci cording to my invention; and Fig. 2 is a horizontallongitudinal section ofthe same.

The same references indicate the same parts throughout the severalviews.

I show at 1 an inclosing shell or casing, comprising a section 2 to beinserted in the intake conduit of an internal combustion engine, andhaving flanges at its top and bottom to enable it to be fastened inplace; also a section 3 which is preferably entirely closed and locatedat oneside of the section Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented JT an. 30, 1917.

serial No. 90,653.

2. The section 2 is open above and below,

where. the''langes are located, and inside of' it I mount a valve 4, thefunction of which 1s to reduce and cut off the fuel supply, and which iscontrolled by the governor 5. This governor is contained in the section3, and the two sections mentioned have abutting flanges 6 and areconveniently secured toget her by bolts or screws. When in use, thecasing 1 is supported on the framework of an engine just below theintake manifold, and the fianges of the section 2 will be bolted tosimilar flanges on adjacent portions of the supply conduit, and theinterior of the section 2 will be in the form of a vertical borecorresponding with the inside of the conduit, as will be readilyunderstood.

The governor is preferably driven through the end of the section 3remote from the section 2; at which end the section 3 is provided withan open bearing 7 carrying one extremity of the governor shaft 8. Thisbearing-has a bushing 9 and a perforated washer 10 therein, and theother end of the governor shaft is received in a bearing 11 in the sideof the section 2near section 3. The shaft has mounted thereon near thebearing 7 a speed responsive element, such as a collar 12, free to moveaxially along this shaft to a certain extent, but compelled to rotatetherewith. This collar is attached to'centrifugal weights 13 by links 14and the weights are also joined to a fixed collar 15 on the shaft nearthe bearing 11. A spring 16 encircling the shaft between the collars 1 2and l5 will normally push the collar 12 to the right and keep thegovernor weights in near the shaft 8.

The collar 12 is forced to rotate with the shaft as above stated, and itcarries. a bolt or screw 17 which extends through the shaft and servesto engage a floating pin 18. This pin is received in a central bore 19in the shaft, and it has frictional engagement therewith; and is ofsufficient mass to have considerable inertia, for a purpose which willappear later. Slots 20 in the shaft enable the screw 17 to pass throughfrom one side to the other.

In the bearing 7 the shaft 8 has a square bore to receive the end of adrive shaft, not shown; and at its opposite end it is entered by a rod21, projecting into the bore 19. This rod is alined with the shaft 8,and constitutes an element by which the valve 4 is actuated from thegovernor. The valve 4 is of the grid type and comprises a plate 22,'.with a curve'd upper face and parallel slots therein, fast to aquadrant-shaped web 24. The vweb has strengthening ribs 25 along itsopposite faces, and both the web and the ribs merge. into a bearing 26to receive a pivot bolt 27 supported by a section 2. This -bearingcarries arms 28 extending away nular shoulder in the 'bore of thevcasing 1.

This element 32 encircles a curved web 34 having parallel slots 35similar to the slots 23, and strengthened by a reinforcing rib 36extending entirely across the same. The part 31 is preferably a casting,conforming in shape to the bore of the casing 1; and having the webfitting the upper face of the valve 4.

ries. Of course the slots 23 in the valve are correspondingly arranged,so that the slots of the valve and 'seat may register to allowcombustible mixture to flow through them. The slots ofthe valve andthose of the seat contract toward each other, so that the passages theyconstitute are narrowest at the 1 middle; giving a Venturi-tube effect.The

utility of this feature consists in producing ya more uniform mixing ofthe air and fuel,

as will be made clear, presently.

In order to fix the extreme of the travel of the valve in bothdirections, and keep the valve from moving beyond full Vopenpositionfontle one hand and completely closed position on the other, Idispose a couple of screw bolts 37 in the section -2, on thesideopposite the bearing l1, and consequently in` the end of the casingremote from the bear-` ing 7. The upper bolt will engage the web 24 whenthe slots are in registry, andthe lower will engage a lug projectingfromthe shaft 29 down between the arms 28 when the valve shuts Ofi' the fuelfrom the engine; thelug being indi--l upper bolt fixes the end oftherange ofn movement of the valve' to the left;v and the. lower, the endof the valves range to the right. The wall of this isection inside theboss 39 will have an enlarged threaded opening in which is screwed anut40 providing a bearing for the adjacent en d of the shaft 29. This endwill be encircled by aspring The slots 35 are located on each l side ofthe rib 36, making two groups or se- `41, which engages a collar 42 onthesliaft, l

and is seated at its other end against a shoulder in the nut 40. vTherod 21 in the shaft 29 extends beyond the nut 40, and carries yfixedthereon'inside the boss 39 a notchedv wheel 43 by which the rod 21 canbe turned.

A Urshaped element 44, adapted to be fitted at its ends `intoholesinfthe outside of the casing at the edge"of the opening containingi the nut 40, may beemployed to engage the' notchedcircumference of thewheel 43t0 hold it and the rodin adjusted positions. c

To turn' the wheel, the element 44 need only be pulled clear of theholes, and then rotated, when it will carry 'the wheel 43 with it.

'This wheel will not obstruct the bolts 37,

which have kerfs in the outer ends'to enable 'i them to be manipulatedbyv a screw-driver.`

The bossl 39 will be threaded atl its. outer end to engage a cap 45;,and this capfand thek boss will have apertures that register/atoVreceive a locking pin 46. This pin willfhavel an eye in its outer end,and the cap willhave a perforated lug 47 to enable the pin andthe cap tobe engaged by apadlock 48. By this lock, the cap is prevented from beingPersons not authorized'toA I l by removable nuts 49. The other section 3may be lfilled with oil up to the level of an v inlet opening closed bya plug 50; and be lowv this opening I may locate a drain'opening havinga plugv51. On the bearing 7 will be' a grease cup 52,andl adjacent thesameon the casing I may provide another oil openlng 53.- The governorwill thus run in 4' oil, and will splash enough of it against thebearing 11 ,and by the cup 52 and opening 53, proper lubricationfor theshaft 8' will 'be assured inside the bearing 7, and adjacent the sameoutside" of it; that is near the collar 1-2- In operation-,the governorwill move the collar`12 to cause thepin 18 to transmit motion to the rod21 whenthe-speed of the engine attains the maximum, to cause the valveto move theslots-partly outof registry and thus reduce the fuel supply.Whenthe maximum speed is exceeded,'- the valve closes and cuts off thefuel. Bymerely taking oif l thecap. 45, the screws 37 can b'e turned ytomake-the valve operate properly, and the wheel 43 can be turned toadjust the rod 21 in the shaft Also, the sprin`g41vcan be set bymanipulating the, nut'140, but'this is preferably done before the rod21isput' into the shaft 29; All ofthe-adjustingparts are accessible fromthe samegendfofithe casing, and are covered and shielded vby the capL 45y;

while the governor is driven fromthe'oppoi site end of the casing.'Hence the valve con? 10.5' front end of the section 3 to lubricate thestruction can be assembled and set, and the connections to the goyernormanipulated without interfering with or deranging the governor in anyway.

If the valve should ever require removing, the seat can be taken out ofthe section 2 by loosening the devices that secure its flange 33 to theshoulder in the top of the section 2. The valve can then be lifted, asits arms 28 have notched engagement only with the pin 30.

By the above'construction the valve is rendered independent ofvibrations; and thus an advantage of great importance is obtained whenthe valve and governor are utilized upon engines mounted upon commercialtrucks and other motor vehicles. Inasmuch as the slots in the valve andseat are quite narrow, one can perceive, that even the slightestlooseness of any of the parts might result in vibrations that wouldprevent perfect working of the valve. Furthermore, the slots, as thefluid is wire-drawn through them, make a better and more uniformmixture. As the particles of air and gasolene, for instance, strike theinclined sides of the slots, they are deflected toward the middle; andthe tendency to cross currents thus arising, together with the loss ofvelocity due to impact vand friction, causes a retardation of the fluidwhich produces a higher pressure below the valve thanA above it. Hencethe mixture is forced through the slots, and the heavier gasoleneparticles are retarded more than the air particles. But instead of thecharge dis-` integrating under the circumstances, and the gasolenecondensing on the valve and seat, the lighter air particles carry thegasolene particles through with them. The gasolene is thus atomized anddiffused; and a superior and more thorough intermingling of the air andhydrocarbon takes place. At the same time the velocity of the charge ismaintained, and the fuel naturally fills the cylinder more quickly uponeach suction stroke of the piston. The governor 5 is also renderedindependent of vibrations and empowered to suppress Huctuations andcounteract disturbing influences by reason of the member 18 and themanner of mounting the same. Normally the member 18 has one end incontact with the rod 2l, while the other end will be spaced slightlyfrom the screw 17. When the speed of rotation of the shaft 8 causes theweights to move the collar 12, the inertia of the member 18, togetherwith the force due to the friction between it and the inside of theshaft, must first be overcome before the rod 21 can be given a thrust tomove the valve. This inertia and friction can be allowed for in theregular operation of the governor; but they are sufficient to preventthe rod being actuated by the member 18 at a lower speed than themaximum, in case a force due to shaking, jolting or the like, is

superimposed on that due to the action of the weights 13. In otherwords, if the wheels of the vehicle encounter an obstruction, and thejar results in relative movement `of the body of the vehicle and theaxles, the effect of it is obviated before the pin 21 is reached. Hencethe governor is caused by factors due to the rotation of the shaft onlyte shift the valve 4. Otherwise regulation would not be feasible, forthe valve is hardly ever open more than one eighth inch and sometimesnot more than one thousandth between the edge of one of the slots 23 andthe opposite edge of one of the slots 35, and even a slight inaccuracyin the function of the governor might open the valve when it should beshut, and vice Versa, and cause surging of the engine. The member 18 istherefore a buffer member; and it must be disconnected from at least oneof the elements 12 and 21. y

1t will now be apparent that the valve and the governor coperate, notonly in directly controlling the engine by throttling, but also in theproduction of conditions which make perfect regulation by throttlingpossible. The valve maintains the velocity of the fluid and affords abetter mixture; entailing quick admission and satisfactory combustion.Hence the piston effort is uniform, and even running ensues. This evenrunning of the engine enables the governor to work in the best possiblemanner, and reduces the risk of the body of the vehicle being throwninto vibration by the throbbing of the engine. The governor is thereforein condition to actuate the valve at all times with sharpness andcertainty.

. I of course do not wish to restrict myself, in the practice of myinvention, to the above details of construction, as precisely as thesame have been set forth in detail, but reserve the right to makechanges in the embodiment disclosed herein, according to the scope andspirit of my invention as the same is defined in the appended claims.

Having described my invention, what I believe to be new and desire tosecure and protect by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. Thecombination of a valve, a governor for the valve comprising aspeed-responsive element, an element to be actuated thereby connected tothe valve, a member to transmit motion from the speed-responsive elementto the valve, means for carrying said member, said means havingsufficient frictional engagement with the member and the membersufficient mass to prevent derangement of the function of the governor,a casing, means at one end of the casing to enable the governor to bedriven from a source of power, means at the opposite end of the casingto adjust the element actuated by the governor, and means at saidopposite end and flanking the last-named means to limit 'Banking thepivot to limit the range of movement of the valve, said devices allbeying accessible from Without theA casing.

The combination of a casing comprisinga sectionhaving a boretherethrough, a

valve in said bore, the casing comprising a second section containing agovernor, an element carriedby,.the.-frst ..section to actuate thevalve, amembe'rin the second section and .eXtendingpinto the iirstsection lto engage said element and transmit motion from the governorthereto, and means for driving the governor through the end of thesecond section remote from the first section. el. In combination acasing, a valve mounted therein, a governor in the casing operativelyrelated to the valve,` said casing having means at one end provided Witha bore to give entrance to a driving element for the governor, and aplurality of adjusting means for the valve at the opposite end of thecasing, and accessible from Without the casing.

5. The combination of a casing, a valve mounted therein, a governor inthe casing operatively related to the valve, and means accessible fromWithout the casing to adjust both ends of lthe range of movement of thevalve.

6. The combination of a casing, a valve engaging the valve on both sidesof the pivot to limitthe range of movement of the valve, said devicesbeing accessible from Without the casing.

7. The combination of a casing, a valve l therein, a pivot for thevalve, a governor in the casing operatively related to the valve,l and aair of screws carried by the casing on therein, a governor in the casingoperatively related to the valve, means at one end of the casing forsetting the governor and the valve, and devices flanking the said meansfor adjusting the travel of the valve, said means and said devices beingaccessible from the outside of the casing.

9. The combination of a valve, a centrifugal governor to operate thevalve, and a buffer member in operative relation to said valve andgovernor, but disconnected from at least one of them, to control theeffect of said governor upon the valve. v

10. The combination of a valve, a centrifugal governor to operate thevalve, a member in operative relation to said governor and valve, andmeans for frictionally engaging said member to oppose the motionthereof.

11. The combination vof a valve, a rotatable governor for the valve, anda member having considerable mass mounted in operative relation to thegovernor and valve, and movable in line With the axis of rotation of thegovernor, to control the effect of the governor upon the valve.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specificationthislOth day of April, 1916.

THEODORE DOUGLAS.

